{"id":1791,"date":"2023-11-04T11:35:04","date_gmt":"2023-11-04T11:35:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/css\/?page_id=1791"},"modified":"2023-11-17T18:23:02","modified_gmt":"2023-11-17T18:23:02","slug":"inversion-ankle-sprain","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/index.php\/inversion-ankle-sprain\/","title":{"rendered":"Inversion Ankle Sprain"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1791\" class=\"elementor elementor-1791\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c5b7ff5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c5b7ff5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dc2b5f4\" data-id=\"dc2b5f4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-137b4d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"137b4d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 20-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"341\" src=\"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/css\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/inversionanklesprain-1024x341.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2637\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/css\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/inversionanklesprain-1024x341.png 1024w, https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/css\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/inversionanklesprain-300x100.png 300w, https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/css\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/inversionanklesprain-768x256.png 768w, https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/css\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/inversionanklesprain-260x87.png 260w, https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/css\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/inversionanklesprain-50x17.png 50w, https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/css\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/inversionanklesprain-150x50.png 150w, https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/css\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/inversionanklesprain-600x200.png 600w, https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/css\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/inversionanklesprain.png 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1d92687 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1d92687\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-127d270\" data-id=\"127d270\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49ff40b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"49ff40b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 20-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<h3><strong>Definition: <\/strong><\/h3><p>Partial or complete tearing of the lateral ligaments of the ankle following forced inversion.<\/p><h3><strong>Pathophysiology:<\/strong><\/h3><p>Typically occurs when the ankle is suddenly \u201ctwisted\u201d in a sports activity or by stepping off an uneven surface (usually involves inversion, plantar flexion &amp; internal rotation forces at the ankle). Inversion sprains may also strain the fibularis (peronei) muscles as they try to resist the forces of the injury.<\/p><p>See grading scale on table below:<\/p><table><tbody><tr><td width=\"66\"><h3><strong>Grade <\/strong><\/h3><\/td><td width=\"535\"><h3><strong>Description &amp; Healing <\/strong><\/h3><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"66\"><p>Grade I<\/p><\/td><td width=\"535\"><p>\u2022 Mild swelling &amp; point tenderness over ligament, no bruising<br \/>\u2022 Single ligament (anterior talofibular ligament), mild stretch, no instability<br \/>\u2022 No or mild limp\/loss of function, mild difficulty hopping on one leg<br \/>\u2022 Functional recovery in 2-14 days<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"66\"><p>Grade II<\/p><\/td><td width=\"535\"><p>\u2022 Bruising visible on <em>one side <\/em>of ankle, mild to moderate swelling<br \/>\u2022 Large spectrum of injury that can include complete tear of anterior talofibular<\/p><p>ligament &amp; partial tears of calcaneofibular &amp; posterior talofibular ligaments<\/p><p>\u2022 Mild to moderate instability demonstrated<br \/>\u2022 Obvious limp, unable to hop or run<br \/>\u2022 Functional recovery in 14-40 days (up to 2 months)<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"66\"><p>Grade III<\/p><\/td><td width=\"535\"><p>\u2022 Severe bruising &amp; swelling on <em>both sides <\/em>of ankle <br \/>\u2022 Difficult to visualize achilles tendon due to swelling, tenderness on both sides<\/p><p>\u2022 Complete tearing of multiple ligament &amp; joint capsule; may also involve a \u2018high\u2019<\/p><p>(syndesmotic) ankle sprain where tibiofibular ligaments are involved<br \/>\u2022 Marked instability<\/p><p>\u2022 Unable to bear weight, almost complete loss of ROM<br \/>\u2022 Functional recovery time 1-3 months (possibly up to 6 months)<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><h3><strong>Demographics <\/strong><\/h3><p><em>Incidence: <\/em>very common ~45% of all sports injuries<\/p><p><em>Age: <\/em>10-30 yrs. peak (can occur at any age)<\/p><p><em>Gender: <\/em>male = female<br \/><em>Risk factors: <\/em><\/p><ul><li>Prior ankle sprain (50% reoccurrence rate)<\/li><li>Athletic activities involving running &amp; cutting movements on high grip surfaces (soccer, basketball football)<\/li><li>High foot arch (pes cavus)<\/li><li>Poor landing technique<\/li><li>Proprioceptive deficit (prior injury) or Joint Position Sense (JPS) decreases with fatigue<\/li><li>Muscle imbalance (weak peronei muscles)<\/li><\/ul><h3><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>History <\/strong><\/h3><ul><li>Forceful trauma &#8211; twisting or \u2018rolling\u2019 of ankle, patient may hear a \u2018popping\u2019 sound or have sensation of tearing<\/li><li>History of prior ankle sprains<\/li><li>Limp after injury, with localized swelling<\/li><\/ul><h3><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Physical <\/strong><\/h3><h5><strong><em>Inspection:<\/em><\/strong><\/h5><ul><li>Limp with swelling over lateral ankle<\/li><li>Swelling bilateral (grade 2 or 3 &#8211; intracapsular) or one side (grade 1 &#8211; extracapsular)<\/li><li>Possible bruising &amp; ecchymosis<\/li><\/ul><h4><strong><em>Palpation: <\/em><\/strong><\/h4><ul><li>Tenderness over anterior talofibular ligament<\/li><li>If compression of distal tibia &amp; fibula is painful may indicate distal interosseous ligament injury<\/li><li>Difficult to palpate if substantial swelling<\/li><\/ul><h4><strong><em>Motion: <\/em><\/strong><\/h4><ul><li>More limited ROM as severity increases<\/li><li>Pain with Passive ROM into inversion<\/li><li>Possible weakness\/pain with peroneus (eversion) muscle contraction on RROM<\/li><li>Peronei &amp; retinaculae are often involved which can lead to decreased proprioception<\/li><\/ul><h4><em>\u00a0<\/em><strong>Treatment<\/strong><\/h4><ul><li>Protect, rest, compress, cold-therapy and elevate the area<\/li><li>Consider compressive wrap<\/li><li>Consider crutches in more severe injuries<\/li><li>Consider short-term use of lace-up brace; note that long term bracing does NOT show increased success &amp; may even slow normal recovery<\/li><li>Start Passive ROM ASAP!<\/li><li>Reduce swelling &amp; increase local fluid movement<\/li><li>In chronic sprains with external scar tissue consider cross friction massage<\/li><li>Short-term NSAID use<\/li><\/ul><h4><strong>Rehabilitation Program <\/strong><\/h4><ul><li>Week 1: Passive ROM, ice after activity<\/li><li>Week 2: Increase ROM, consider rocker board &amp; theraband strengthening exercises<\/li><li>Week 3: Continue exercises, consider adding inversion-eversion &amp; limited side to side rocking<\/li><li>Week 4+: as patient ability dictates progress to proprioceptive wobble board &amp; sport activities<\/li><\/ul><h4><strong>Prevention\/Patient Education <\/strong><\/h4><ul><li>Avoid activities that cause pain or swelling<\/li><li>Consider orthotic evaluation &amp; use<\/li><li>Address biomechanical technique issues<\/li><\/ul><h4><strong>Prognosis <\/strong><\/h4><ul><li>Excellent for mild cases, early rehab. is key!!!<\/li><li>Moderate to severe injuries may have residual lifestyle limiting symptoms for 6 \u2013 18 months<\/li><li>Early treatment minimizes chronic issues<\/li><li>Chronic cases may be predisposed to degenerative joint disease<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-93500fd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"93500fd\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dd3be8c\" data-id=\"dd3be8c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-acc7917 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"acc7917\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"601\" height=\"624\" src=\"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/css\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Picture1-2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1796\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/css\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Picture1-2.jpg 601w, https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/css\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Picture1-2-289x300.jpg 289w, https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/css\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Picture1-2-141x146.jpg 141w, https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/css\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Picture1-2-48x50.jpg 48w, https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/css\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Picture1-2-72x75.jpg 72w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 601px) 100vw, 601px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Definition: Partial or complete tearing of the lateral ligaments of the ankle following forced inversion. Pathophysiology: Typically occurs when the ankle is suddenly \u201ctwisted\u201d in a<span class=\"excerpt-hellip\"> [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1791","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Inversion Ankle Sprain - MiChiro<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/index.php\/inversion-ankle-sprain\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Inversion Ankle Sprain - MiChiro\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Definition: Partial or complete tearing of the lateral ligaments of the ankle following forced inversion. Pathophysiology: Typically occurs when the ankle is suddenly \u201ctwisted\u201d in a [\u2026]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/index.php\/inversion-ankle-sprain\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"MiChiro\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-11-17T18:23:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/css\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/inversionanklesprain-1024x341.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/index.php\/inversion-ankle-sprain\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/index.php\/inversion-ankle-sprain\/\",\"name\":\"Inversion Ankle Sprain - MiChiro\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-11-04T11:35:04+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-11-17T18:23:02+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/index.php\/inversion-ankle-sprain\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/index.php\/inversion-ankle-sprain\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/index.php\/inversion-ankle-sprain\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Inversion Ankle Sprain\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/\",\"name\":\"MiChiro\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Inversion Ankle Sprain - MiChiro","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/index.php\/inversion-ankle-sprain\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Inversion Ankle Sprain - MiChiro","og_description":"Definition: Partial or complete tearing of the lateral ligaments of the ankle following forced inversion. Pathophysiology: Typically occurs when the ankle is suddenly \u201ctwisted\u201d in a [\u2026]","og_url":"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/index.php\/inversion-ankle-sprain\/","og_site_name":"MiChiro","article_modified_time":"2023-11-17T18:23:02+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/css\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/inversionanklesprain-1024x341.png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/index.php\/inversion-ankle-sprain\/","url":"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/index.php\/inversion-ankle-sprain\/","name":"Inversion Ankle Sprain - MiChiro","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/#website"},"datePublished":"2023-11-04T11:35:04+00:00","dateModified":"2023-11-17T18:23:02+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/index.php\/inversion-ankle-sprain\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/index.php\/inversion-ankle-sprain\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/index.php\/inversion-ankle-sprain\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Inversion Ankle Sprain"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/#website","url":"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/","name":"MiChiro","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1791","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1791"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1791\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2640,"href":"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1791\/revisions\/2640"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/michiro.co.za\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1791"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}